Zusammenfassung.
Es werden die wichtigsten Strategien zur Molekularen Bildgebung vorgestellt. Mittels
moderner bildgebender Verfahren, d. h. mit SPECT, PET, MRT und hochentwickelten optischen
Methoden, können die Vorgänge auf molekularer Ebene in vitro und in vivo abgebildet werden. Die Möglichkeit die Expression von Genen, therapeutischer DNA
und von klassischen Pharmaka in vivo abzubilden, eröffnet dabei völlig neue Ansätze für die Erforschung, Diagnostik und
Therapie von Erkrankungen. Der aktuelle Stand dieser Entwicklung wird beschrieben
sowie potenzielle Anwendungsbereiche und Entwicklungsmöglichkeiten umrissen.
Molecular Radiology. Part ll: Molecular Imaging.
The most important strategies for molecular imaging are presented. Processes can now
be imaged in vitro and in vivo at the molecular level with the help of modern procedures such as SPECT, PET, MRI,
and highly developed optical methods. The ability to view the expression of genes,
the pharmacokinetics of gene therapy vectors, of therapeutic DNA, and of classical
pharmacons in vivo opens up completely new perspectives for the research on, diagnosis of, and therapy
for diseases. The current status of these developments are described, potential fields
of use and possibilities for further development are outlined
Schlüsselwörter:
Molekulare Bildgebung - Molekulare Bildgebung - Reportergen - Genexpression - MRT
- PET
Key words:
Molecular imaging - reporter gene - gene expression - MRI - PET
Literatur
- 1
Alfke H, Kalinowski M, Nocken F, Klose K J.
Eine Übersicht über die Molekulare Radiologie. Teil 1: Gentherapie.
Fortschr Röntgenstr.
2000;
172
949-956
- 2
Calvo B F, Semelka R C.
Beyond anatomy. MR imaging as a molecular diagnostic tool.
Surg Oncol Clin North Am.
1999;
8
171-183
- 3
Weissleder R.
Molecular Imaging: Exploring the next frontier.
Radiology.
1999;
212
609-614
- 4
Gambhir S S, Barrio J R, Herschman H R, Phelps M E.
Assays for noninvasive imaging of reporter gene expression.
Nucl Med Biol.
1999;
26
481-490
- 5
Bogdanov A, Weissleder R.
The development of in vivo imaging systems to study gene expression.
Trends Biotechnol.
1998;
16
5-10
- 6
Zimmer C, Weissleder R, O’Connor D, LaPointe L, Brady T J, Enochs W S.
Cerebral iron oxide distribution: In vivo mapping with MR imaging.
Radiology.
1995;
196
521-527
- 7
Weissleder R, Moore A, Mahmood U, Bhorade R, Benveniste H, Chiocca E A. et al .
In vivo magnetic resonance imaging of transgene expression.
Nat Med.
2000;
6
351-354
- 8
Weissleder R, Simonova M, Bogdanova A, Bredow S, Enochs W S, Bogdanov A.
MR Imaging and scintigraphy of gene expression through melanin induction.
Radiology.
1998;
204
425-429
- 9
Ennochs W S, Petherick P, Bogdanova A, Mohr U, Weissleder R.
Paramagnetic metal scavenging by melanin: MR imaging.
Radiology.
1997;
204
417-423
- 10
Saito Y, Price R W, Rottenberg D A, Fox J J, Su T -L, Watanabe K A, Philips F A.
Quantitative autoradiographic mapping of herpes simplex virus encephalitis with radiolabeled
antiviral drugs.
Science.
1982;
217
1151-1153
- 11
Tjuvajev J G, Stockhammer G, Desai R, Uehara H, Watanabe K, Gansbacher G. et al .
Imaging the expression of transfected genes in vivo.
Cancer Res.
1995;
55
6126-6132
- 12
Louie A Y, Hüber M M, Ahrens E T, Rothbächer U, Moats R, Jacobs R E. et al .
In vivo visualization of gene expression using magnetic resonance imaging.
Nat Biotech.
2000;
18
321-325
- 13
Klose K J.
Biosignale für die radiologische Forschung.
Fortschr Röntgenstr.
2000;
172
573-575
- 14
Lanza G M, Abendschein D R, Hall C S, Scott M J, Scherrer D E, Houseman A, Miller J G,
Wickline S A.
In vivo molecular imaging of stretch-induced tissue factor in carotid arteries with ligand-targeted
nanoparticles.
J Am Soc Echocardiog.
2000;
13
608-814
- 15
Yu Y, Annala A J, Barrio J R, Toyokuni T, Satyamurthy N, Namavari M. et al .
Quantification of target gene expression by imaging reporter gene expression in living
animals.
Nat Med.
2000;
6
933-937
- 16
Contag P R, Olomu N, Stevenson D K, Contag C H.
Bioluminescent indicators in living mammals.
Nat Med.
1998;
4
245-247
- 17
Yang M, Baranov E, Jiang P, Sun F -X, Li X -M, Li L. et al .
Whole-body optical imaging of green fluorescent protein-expressing tumors and metastasis.
Proc Natl Acad Sci USA.
2000;
97
1206-1211
- 18
Weissleder R, Tung C H, Mahmood U, Bogdanov A.
In vivo imaging of tumors with protease-activated near-infrared fluorescent probes.
Nat Biotechnol.
1999;
17
375-378
- 19
Tavitian B, Terrazzino S, Kühnast B, Marzabal S, Stettler O, Dollé F. et al .
In vivo imaging of oligonucleotides with positron emission tomography.
Nat Med.
1998;
4
467-471
- 20
de Marco G, Bogdanov A, Marecos E, Moore A, Simonova M, Weissleder R.
MR imaging of gene delivery to the central nervous system with an artificial vector.
Radiology.
1998;
208
65-71
- 21
Seidenwurm D J.
Imaging-guided gene therapy in the central nervous system.
Radiology.
1998;
208
17-18
- 22
Martínez-Salas E.
Internal ribosome entry site biology and its use in expression vectors.
Curr Opin Biotech.
1999;
10
458-464
- 23
Buckley R H.
Gene therapy for human SCID: Dreams become reality.
Nat Med.
2000;
6
623-624
- 24
Dick J E.
Gene therapy turns the corner.
Nat Med.
2000;
6
624-626
- 25
Yeh T C, Zhang W, Ildstadt S T, Ho C.
Intracellular labeling of t-cells with superparamagnetic contrast agents.
MRM.
30;
1993
617-625
- 26
Lewin M, Carlesso N, Tung C -H, Tang X -W, Cory D, Scadden D T. et al .
Tat peptide-derivatized magnetic nanoparticles allow in vivo tracking and recovery of progenitor cells.
Nat Biotech.
2000;
18
410-414
- 27
Newman S P, Wilding I R.
Imaging techniques for assessing drug delivery in man.
PSTT.
1999;
2
181-189
- 28
Melia C D, Rajabi-Siahboomi A R, Bowtell R W.
Magnetic resonance imaging of controlled release pharmaceutical dosage forms.
PSTT.
1998;
1
32-39
- 29
Langer R.
Drug delivery and targeting.
Nature.
1998;
392
5-10
- 30
Sullivan D C.
Biomedical symposium: Visualizing the future of biology and medicine.
Radiology.
2000;
215
634-638
Dr. med. Heiko Alfke
Abteilung Strahlendiagnostik
Klinikum der Philipps Universität Marburg
Baldingerstraße
35043 Marburg
Phone: 06421/286-6231
Fax: 06421/286-8959
Email: alfke@mailer.uni-marburg.de